Domin yin aiki mai kyau wajen hana gurɓatar iska da kuma magance matsalar muhallin iska a birninmu cikin sauri, muna buƙatar ƙara ƙarfafa rage gurɓatar iska cikin gaggawa, don haka a ƙarshe za mu tsara shirin bisa ga buƙatun aikin musamman na hana gurɓatar iska da kuma shawo kanta.

1. Fahimci cikakken muhimmancin yanayin kula da gurɓataccen iska

Daga 1 ga Janairu zuwa 25 ga Mayu, matsakaicin yawan PM2.5 a yankunan birane shine microgram 66.5/mita cubic, wanda ya kasance karuwa ta shekara-shekara da kashi 16.7%. Idan aka kwatanta da burin ingancin iska na shekara-shekara na 2018 da gwamnatin lardi ta fitar, yawan PM2.5 ya kai microgram 47/mita cubic, wanda ya ragu da kashi 2.1% a shekara-shekara. Adadin ingancin iska ya kai kashi 69.7%, karuwar maki 1.5 a shekara-shekara. A watan Afrilu, AQI na Changzhou ya kasance na 70 a cikin manyan birane 74 a fadin kasar, kuma Ma'aikatar Kare Muhalli ta sanar da shi. Lamarin yana da matukar tsanani.

Manyan matsalolin da ake fuskanta a yanzu wajen hana da kuma shawo kan gurɓatar yanayi:

Tsarin masana'antu mai nauyi

A shekarar 2017, hayakin sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, da ƙurar hayaki a masana'antun ƙarfe, siminti, sinadarai, bugu, da rini na birnin ya kai kashi 81.3%, 85.5%, da 71.5% na jimillar hayakin masana'antu, bi da bi.

Tsarin makamashi guda ɗaya

A shekarar 2017, amfani da makamashin kwal ya kai kashi 77.8%, wanda daga cikin masana'antun da ba na wutar lantarki ba ne suka kai kashi 60.3% na kwal.

Babban tasirin manyan hanyoyi masu tsayi

Akwai hanyoyin fitar da hayaki guda 8 kamar ƙarfe da ƙarfe da wutar lantarki a gefen wurin da ke sama. Tsawon wuraren fitar da hayakin yana tsakanin mita 60-80, ƙasa da tsayin layin iyaka na mita 130-150 a ƙarƙashin mummunan yanayi, kuma yana kan hanyar iska mai ƙarfi. Yaɗuwar gurɓatattun abubuwa zuwa babban yankin birni ya haifar da matsin lamba mai yawa kan ingancin iska. A cewar ƙididdigar sa ido, ƙarfin fitar da gurɓatattun abubuwa daban-daban a yankin gabas shine mafi girma ko na biyu mafi girma a cikin birnin.

Ƙara gurɓataccen abu a cikin ababen hawa

Ya zuwa ƙarshen watan Afrilun 2018, adadin motocin da ke cikin birnin ya kai miliyan 1.388, wanda daga cikinsu miliyan 1.187 motocin fasinja ne (gami da ƙananan da ƙananan), ƙaruwar kashi 12.7 cikin ɗari a shekara-shekara; kuma 80,000 manyan motoci ne, ƙaruwar kashi 6.7 cikin ɗari a shekara-shekara.

Babbar matsalar gurɓatar ƙura

A cewar sa ido, daga watan Maris zuwa Afrilu na wannan shekarar, ambaliyar ƙura a kowace murabba'in kilomita ta kai tan 7.38 (mafi girma a cikin birane biyar da ke kudancin Jiangsu), karuwar kashi 11% a kowace shekara. Daga watan Janairu zuwa Afrilu, akwai wuraren gini sama da 650 da ake ginawa, tare da fadin murabba'in mita miliyan 19.83 da ake ginawa. Musamman tun daga watan Maris, nau'ikan wuraren gini daban-daban sun shiga lokacin ginin kololuwa, kuma hayakin da ke fitowa daga gini suma sun karu.

2. Manufofin aiki

Bisa jagorancin ruhin babban taron kasa na 19 da kuma tunanin gurguzu mai halaye na kasar Sin a sabon zamanin Xi Jinping, ya kamata mu aiwatar da ruhin jawabin babban sakataren Xi Jinping a taron kare muhalli da muhalli na kasa, mu kuma mayar da hankali kan halin da ake ciki na hana gurɓatar iska da kuma shawo kanta, sannan mu dauki matakai na musamman, mu karfafa rage hayaki mai gurbata muhalli, mu karfafa gudanarwa da kuma shawo kanta, mu tabbatar da cewa ingancin iska ya inganta sosai a watan Yuni, tare da samun ci gaba a wannan fanni.

3. Ma'auni masu mahimmanci

A bisa kiyasin ƙungiyar ƙwararru, birninmu yana buƙatar kammala PM2.5 ba fiye da microgram 47/mita cubic a wannan shekarar ba, kuma dole ne a rage fitar da sinadarin sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, PM2.5 da VOCs da fiye da kashi 43% a cikin shekarar.

A cewar binciken ingancin iskar Changzhou, gwamnati ta yanke shawarar aiwatar da matakai daban-daban na kula da gaggawa da kuma shawo kan matsalar, yayin da take ci gaba da aiwatar da ayyukan gwamnati daban-daban, tare da inganta shawo kan gurɓataccen iska ta hanyar takaita da kuma dakatar da samar da iskar.

Daga ranar 28 ga Mayu zuwa 30 ga Yuni, duk kamfanonin masana'antu da ba su da wuraren gudanar da harkokin gwamnati za a dakatar da samarwa. Nan da karshen watan Mayu, masana'antun da aka lissafa a cikin manyan ayyukan wannan shekarar don shawo kan gurɓataccen yanayi waɗanda ba su kai ga burinsu ba za a dakatar da samarwa don ingantawa. Kamfanonin da aka haɗa a cikin kundin mahimman ayyukan gudanarwa za su kasance suna da ƙarancin samarwa da fiye da kashi 50% bisa ga matsakaicin fitarwa daga Janairu zuwa Afrilu. A wannan lokacin, kamfanonin da aka gano sun wuce mizanin fitar da hayaki za a rufe su.